Comparative Assessment of Efficacy and Safety in Leading Dermatologic Anti-Aging Treatments: A Literature Review

Abstract

Skin aging is a complex, multifactorial process influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which determine the rate of skin aging through signs such as lines, wrinkles, and discoloration. The objective of this literature review is to explore the efficacy of certain anti-aging treatments that have been developed to protect the skin from intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. This literature review utilized the online publication resource PubMed. Search criteria included “anti-aging” and “skin treatment” with “lotions” or “derma rolling” or “botulinum toxin” or “Red Light Therapy,” including research published from 2014 to the present day. The techniques that this search elucidated were: red light therapy (RLT), topical lotions with vitamin A or Vitamin E and C derivatives, botulinum toxin therapies (BTT), and dermarolling. Review of these treatments showed generally positive efficacy with RLT, BTT, and topical lotions, which were proven advantageous with high patient satisfaction. However, dermarolling yielded few studies with significant control groups, putting its efficacy and clinical relevance in question and exhibiting the necessity for further research to be conducted before considering it as a potential treatment.2 Similarly, limited research exists on the side effect profiles and long-term efficacy of RLT, topical lotions with vitamin A or Vitamin E and C derivatives, and BTT, highlighting the need for further longitudinal studies. Treatment options should additionally be decided on an individualized basis that considers patient goals, treatment adherence, and past medical history. A patient-centered focus will provide optimal treatment courses and minimize potential adverse reactions.